INSPIRE Global Insight Journal (Insp. Glob. Insig. J.) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary academic journal published by INSPIRETECH GLOBAL INSIGHT. The journal is committed to advancing scholarly knowledge by providing a rigorous platform for the dissemination of high-quality research across diverse fields, including science, technology, humanities, and social sciences. It aims to foster intellectual dialogue and promote innovative perspectives that contribute to addressing contemporary global challenges. The journal welcomes original research articles, review papers, and conceptual studies that demonstrate methodological rigor, theoretical relevance, and practical significance. Emphasizing interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral approaches, INSPIRE Global Insight Journal encourages contributions that integrate knowledge across disciplines and offer meaningful insights for academia, industry, and policy development at both national and international levels. Scope Multidisplinary Science Abbreviation Insp. Glob. Insig. J. Publisher INSPIRETECH GLOBAL INSIGHT ISSN 3124-3762 Language English (preferred), Indonesia Frequency 4 issues per year (Januari, April, July & Oktober) Editor In Chief Dr. Syamsurijal Hasan, MM. DOI https://doi.org/10.53905/igim Citation Analysis Google Scholar and Dimensions
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Introducing Indonesia's Traditional Pecah Piring Sport to Nanyang Technological University Students in Singapore: A Community Engagement for Cultural Diplomacy
Objective: This community service program aimed to increase the knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of students at Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, toward the Indonesian traditional sport Pecah Piring (Broken Plate) as a medium for character education, cultural preservation, and cultural diplomacy. Methodology: A participatory approach was employed through three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The implementation included presentations on the history, philosophy, cultural values, and rules of the Pecah Piring game, followed by demonstrations and group-based hands-on practice. Program effectiveness was evaluated using observations, discussions, and participant response questionnaires, while the collected data were analyzed descriptively. Results: The program successfully enhanced participants' understanding and appreciation of Indonesian traditional sports. Evaluation results indicated excellent outcomes, with material understanding reaching 92%, participant engagement 95%, teamwork 94%, appreciation of Indonesian culture 96%, and overall satisfaction 97%. The experiential learning approach effectively promoted active participation while strengthening values of sportsmanship, cooperation, communication, leadership, and cross-cultural understanding. Conclusions: The socialization of the traditional sport Pecah Piring proved to be an effective strategy for promoting Indonesian cultural heritage in an international academic environment. The participatory and experiential learning model not only increased participants' knowledge and cultural appreciation but also demonstrated the potential of traditional sports as a medium for character education, cultural diplomacy, and the internationalization of higher education. Similar programs should be expanded through sustainable international collaborations to strengthen global recognition of Indonesia's cultural heritage.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Antagonistic Interaction Between Piper betle and Peperomia pellucida Ethanolic Extracts Reduces Antibacterial Activity Against Cutibacterium acnes
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit in which Cutibacterium acnes plays a central pathogenic role. Rising resistance of C. acnes to conventional antibiotics such as clindamycin has intensified interest in plant-derived alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of combined ethanolic extracts of green betel leaf (Piper betle) and pepper elder leaf (Peperomia pellucida) against C. acnes and to determine the combination ratio with the strongest antibacterial effect. A true experimental, post-test-only control group design was used. Leaves were macerated in 95% ethanol (1:10, w/v) for three days. Seven treatment groups were tested by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method: single extract of P. betle 15%, single extract of P. pellucida 15%, combinations at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 at a fixed total concentration of 15%, a positive control (standardized clindamycin disc), and a negative control (sterile distilled water). Each group was replicated four times, determined using the Federer formula. Zones of inhibition were measured with a caliper after 24 h of incubation at 37 °C. Data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk, Levene's, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's HSD post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). All extract treatments inhibited C. acnes growth. The single P. betle 15% extract produced the largest inhibition zone among plant treatments (12.19 ± 0.44 mm, strong category), whereas single P. pellucida 15% extract produced 8.96 ± 0.30 mm (moderate category). Combination ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 produced inhibition zones of 9.57 ± 0.77 mm, 8.76 ± 0.39 mm, and 8.56 ± 0.73 mm, respectively, all within the moderate category. The positive control produced 27.19 ± 0.95 mm (very strong), while the negative control produced no inhibition zone. One-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference among treatment groups (p < 0.001), and Tukey's HSD indicated that the combinations did not significantly exceed the single P. pellucida extract, while the single P. betle extract significantly outperformed all combination ratios. Combined ethanolic extracts of P. betle and P. pellucida exhibit antibacterial activity against C. acnes, but combination did not enhance efficacy beyond that of the single P. betle extract, suggesting an antagonistic rather than synergistic interaction. The 1:1 ratio was the most effective among the combinations tested.
Copyright (c) 2026 Heny Buwe Leo, Tadeus Andreas Lada Regaletha, Cahyani Purnasari, Nurul Fatmawati Pua Upa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Beyond Real and Fake: A Hybrid Visual Authenticity Framework for Generative AI in Creative and Media Ecosystems
The emergence of generative artificial intelligence has radically transformed the production, dissemination, and interpretation of visual media, precipitating a crisis of confidence regarding visual authenticity—a concept historically predicated upon the indexical nature of photography. This research investigates the reconfiguration of visual authenticity within photography, illustration, and packaging design in the age of generative AI, identifying cross-domain thematic regularities to develop a conceptual model of "hybrid visual authenticity." Utilizing an interpretive qualitative methodology and a multiple case study design, this study conducted visual-semiotic analyses of 40 cases and in-depth interviews with 16 practitioners across the fields of photography, illustration, packaging design, and media studies. Analytical procedures incorporated Barthesian semiotic inquiry and Braun and Clarke’s six-stage thematic analysis, employing triangulation of data sources and methodological approaches to ensure rigor. Findings suggest that visual authenticity in the generative AI context transcends the traditional binary of "genuine" versus "fake," manifesting instead as a multifaceted construct shaped by the interplay of creator intent, process transparency, and underlying socio-cultural and regulatory frameworks. Notably, photography and media studies exhibit the strongest emphasis on transparency, whereas illustration and packaging design display greater openness toward human-AI hybrid practices. Accordingly, this study proposes a Hybrid Visual Authenticity Model, synthesizing frameworks of indexicality, aura, and simulacra into a unified analytical lens for diverse creative domains. This research makes both theoretical and practical contributions: it rearticulates classical concepts of visual authenticity for the generative AI paradigm and offers actionable recommendations for design education, professional associations, the packaging sector, and media policymakers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moh. Ali Wisudawan Prakarsa, Aliyah, Heri Wijayanto , Zulfah Hasanah, Widya Octary Setiawardhani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effect of Cutting Speed on Surface Roughness in Stepped Turning of ST37 Mild Steel Using HSS Cutting Tools: A Six Sigma DMAIC Approach
Surface roughness is a critical quality indicator in manufacturing processes, directly influencing the functional performance and service life of machined components. This experimental study investigates the effect of cutting speed on the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of ST37 mild steel workpieces subjected to conventional stepped turning using High-Speed Steel (HSS) right-hand cutting tools. A constant spindle speed of 325 rpm was applied while four stepped diameters — Ø19 mm, Ø20 mm, Ø22 mm, and Ø24 mm — were machined, yielding cutting speeds of 19.40, 20.42, 22.46, and 24.50 m/min, respectively. Surface roughness was measured at three axial positions per diameter using a contact-type surface roughness tester, and the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) was recorded as the primary response variable. A Six Sigma Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control (DMAIC) framework was applied to structure the quality analysis and identify improvement strategies. The results demonstrated that mean Ra values ranged from 2.234 µm (Ø20 mm) to 3.621 µm (Ø22 mm). The lowest roughness was attained at a cutting speed of 20.42 m/min, while the highest roughness was recorded at 22.46 m/min, revealing a non-linear relationship between cutting speed and surface quality. This non-monotonic behaviour is attributed to dynamic interactions among machine vibration, chip formation instability, and tool-workpiece contact conditions. The DMAIC analysis identified cutting speed optimisation within a 20–24 m/min range as the primary improvement lever. These findings provide practical guidance for selecting machining parameters that balance surface quality and productivity in stepped turning operations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mhd Ardiansyah Damanik, Najwa Aprilia, Mabar Yoan A.S. Gultom, Hasbi Shafwan Saragih, Fathir Salman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Poultry Ingredient Knowledge and Cooking Techniques as Predictors of Main Course Preparation Skills in Culinary Vocational Students
This study aimed to analyze the predictive role of students' knowledge of poultry ingredients and cooking techniques on their main course preparation skills in the context of continental cuisine. A quantitative ex post facto design was employed with 35 eleventh-grade students from the Culinary Arts program at SMKN 3 Kediri, Indonesia, selected via purposive sampling from a population of 152 students. Data were collected using validated multiple-choice tests measuring poultry ingredient knowledge (X1) and cooking technique knowledge (X2), alongside a performance assessment rubric for main course preparation skills (Y). Instrument reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha values of 0.938 and 0.702, respectively. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression using SPSS version 25.0. Both independent variables demonstrated statistically significant partial effects on main course preparation skills (X1: t = 6.308, p < 0.001; X2: t = 5.732, p < 0.001). Simultaneously, the two predictors explained 62.2% of the variance in skill outcomes (Adjusted R² = 0.622; F = 7.548, p < 0.001). Poultry ingredient knowledge (β = 0.426) showed a slightly stronger predictive contribution than cooking technique knowledge (β = 0.386). Poultry ingredient knowledge and cooking technique knowledge are significant predictors of main course preparation skills in culinary vocational students. These findings highlight the critical role of theoretical content mastery in supporting psychomotor skill development and underscore the need for integrated theory-practice curricula in vocational culinary education.
Effectiveness of the KOKAMI (Mysterious Box and Card) Learning Media in Enhancing Student Engagement and Mastery of Volleyball Concepts in Senior High School Education
The learning process constitutes the core activity that determines the success or failure of achieving educational objectives, as it directly shapes students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor development. Therefore, teachers are required to demonstrate creativity in selecting and designing instructional methods and media that effectively support classroom learning. Innovation in learning media is essential to attract students’ attention and enhance their motivation, particularly in subjects that demand active engagement such as physical education. In Indonesian high schools, sports science is a compulsory subject for students in science and social science tracks, emphasizing the development of physical fitness, conceptual understanding, and healthy lifestyle habits. Volleyball, as one of the core topics taught in Grade XII under Curriculum 2013, involves abstract and memorization-based content that often requires deeper conceptual comprehension. To address these challenges, teachers may integrate interactive learning media to create an engaging classroom atmosphere and facilitate active participation. This study introduces the mysterious box and card (KOKAMI) learning media as an instructional innovation aimed at enhancing student engagement in volleyball learning. KOKAMI consists of cards containing materials, questions, images, commands, bonuses, or sanctions, placed inside envelopes and further inserted into a concealed box, making the learning process more stimulating and unpredictable. Through this mechanism, students are encouraged to think innovatively, creatively, and critically, while actively participating in classroom activities. The implementation of KOKAMI was carried out with Grade XII MIPA 1 students of SMA Negeri 2 Pekanbaru. Findings indicate a substantial improvement in student learning activity, increasing from an average of 72.53% in Cycle I to 88.82% in Cycle II. Learning mastery also demonstrated significant progress, rising from 89.47% in Cycle I to 100% in Cycle II. These results suggest that KOKAMI is an effective media innovation for promoting active participation, improving conceptual understanding, and enhancing learning outcomes in volleyball instruction within high school physical education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maslikan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis Effectiveness Program Apprenticeship for Synchronization Link and Match College Tall with World Industry
This research aimed to find industrial needs about students' abilities and skills during apprenticeship at company. This research is descriptive quantitative, which is using questionnaires to collect data from the respondents. The results showed that, the apprentice program had be effective enough, but there were still constraints that faced by student. The constraints were soft skills, communication, interaction, adaptation, discipline and computer skills. The most useful competence were computer skills and soft skills to connect to the people.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muslih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Searching For Management Solutions in Fulfillment of Receipt Target Parking Taxes and Levies in Medan City
The application of the concept of decentralized and regional autonomy in Indonesia, especially in Medan City, is still not available to show maximum results as expected, especially regarding potential revenue. One of these revenues to the local government that is potential is about parking. Still found some flaws in the application of its management, including the fulfillment of tax revenue targets and parking fees in the city of Medan. With the fulfillment of tax revenue targets and parking fees, the city of Medan will be able to increase the independence of the region through increased regional tax revenue. Tax effort is to increase the local tax measured by the ratio between the actual source of revenue to a source of potential revenue. It takes qualified human resources and management oversight that maximum parking tax in Medan can contribute the maximum so as to meet the target of tax revenue and levies to support the budget.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yuswar Effendy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Influence Culture Organization on Practice Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) in Manufacturing Companies
This study discusses the influence of organizational culture through the 8 pillars of TPM in improving the practice and implementation of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) in manufacturing companies. Productive Maintenance (TPM) is A system or culture Which take ability and skills of each individual in an organization to carry out maintenance and upkeep on production equipment, this is an important strategy in manufacturing organizations in increasing their productivity. Literature study analysis was carried out on expert opinions and previous journals, research found that culture organization affect the whole pillar Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The concept of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a combination of organizational culture development and measurement practices, where an employee or production operator must have a good organizational culture so that they are able to develop the practices of Sorting Out, Arranging Efficiently, Checking Through Cleaning, Neatness, and Discipline.
Copyright (c) 2025 Moch. Rizal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efforts of The Health Quarantine Center in Monitoring Environmental Pollution at The Port
This study was motivated by the increasing risk of environmental pollution in domestic port areas, which can affect the health of port communities. As the authority responsible for port environmental health, the Health Quarantine Office (BKK) plays a crucial role in supervising and preventing potential pollution. This study aims to analyze the efforts of the Health Quarantine Office Class I Tanjung Balai Karimun in monitoring environmental pollution in domestic ports and to evaluate the effectiveness of its environmental monitoring activities. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving BKK officers and port management personnel. Data analysis was conducted using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques to describe the process and outcomes of the environmental supervision activities. The findings revealed that BKK conducted monitoring activities such as water quality inspection, ship waste control, sanitation inspection of port facilities, and environmental awareness education for port users. However, the supervision activities still face challenges, including limited human resources, laboratory facilities, and irregular monitoring schedules. This study contributes to a broader understanding of the BKK's role not only in human health protection but also in environmental pollution control at domestic ports. The results are expected to serve as a basis for strengthening integrated environmental monitoring policies in domestic ports.
Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary Studies
Copyright (c) 2026 Wulan Syafina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Cognitive, Attitudinal, and Behavioral Factors in Mosquito Larvae Surveillance for Aedes Habitat Elimination to Prevent Dengue Transmission
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus through a dengue vector whose case rate is currently quite high in Indonesia. This study uses a survey method and a quasi-experimental approach (Quasi Experimental) with a Nonrandomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. This study involved two different groups. The Intervention Group was grade VIII students of SMPN 49 Makassar City and SMPN 21 Makassar City as the control group. The number of samples was 60 respondents with a sampling selection method, namely Purposive Sampling. The instruments used were research questionnaires, DHF booklets, PSN-Kit, larva monitoring checklists, observation sheets and so on. Results: There were differences in the values of knowledge, attitudes and actions of respondents before and after the intervention. And based on the Chi-Square analysis test, a p value <0.05 was obtained for the influence of respondent actions with the presence of larvae. Conclusion: There is an influence between respondent actions in efforts to eradicate mosquito nests with the presence of dengue mosquito larvae in their home environment in Rappocini District, Makassar City.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Rahmatia Bau, Andi Helmy Ishak (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Parental Assistance, Affection, and Conduct Modification in Adolescents: A Behavioral Scientific Perspective
Purpose of the study: Parental support and attachment quality are fundamental determinants of youth behavioral adjustment. Understanding these relationships through a behavioral science lens provides critical insights for intervention and prevention strategies. This study examined the relationships between parental support dimensions, attachment styles, and behavioral adjustment outcomes in adolescents, investigating mediating mechanisms through a comprehensive behavioral science framework. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 847 adolescents (ages 12-18, M = 15.2, SD = 1.8) and their primary caregivers. Participants completed validated measures including the Parental Support Scale (PSS), Adult Attachment Interview-Revised (AAI-R), and Youth Behavioral Assessment Inventory (YBAI). Statistical analyses included correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and mediation analysis. Results: Strong positive correlations were found between parental support and secure attachment (r = .72, p < .001) and between secure attachment and positive behavioral adjustment (r = .68, p < .001). Parental emotional support demonstrated the strongest predictive relationship with behavioral outcomes (β = .54, p < .001). Secure attachment partially mediated the relationship between parental support and behavioral adjustment (indirect effect = .31, 95% CI [.26, .37]). Conclusions: Findings confirm that parental support significantly influences youth behavioral adjustment through attachment mechanisms. Secure attachment serves as a crucial mediator, suggesting that interventions targeting parent-child relationships may effectively promote positive youth outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luhut Marisi Simanjuntak (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Board Effort, CEO Narcissism, and Real Earnings Management on Audit Report Readability: An Empirical Study of Healthcare Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2022
Purpose of the study: Audit report readability has emerged as a critical factor in financial communication effectiveness, particularly in the healthcare sector where stakeholder decisions carry significant societal implications. The complexity of audit reports can impede stakeholder understanding and decision-making processes. This study examines the influence of board effort, CEO narcissism, and real earnings management on audit report readability in Indonesian healthcare companies. The research aims to understand how corporate governance mechanisms and managerial characteristics affect the clarity and accessibility of financial reporting communications. Materials and methods: The study employs a quantitative approach analyzing 156 firm-year observations from 52 healthcare companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020-2022. Board effort is measured using board meeting frequency and director expertise diversity. CEO narcissism is assessed through compensation relative to other executives and media visibility metrics. Real earnings management is evaluated using the Roychowdhury (2006) model. Audit report readability is measured using the Flesch Reading Ease Score and Fog Index. Multiple regression analysis with robust standard errors is employed to test the hypotheses. Results: The findings reveal that higher board effort significantly improves audit report readability (β = 0.312, p < 0.01), while CEO narcissism negatively impacts readability (β = -0.287, p < 0.05). Real earnings management shows a significant negative association with audit report readability (β = -0.341, p < 0.01). The model explains 43.7% of the variance in audit report readability. Additional analyses confirm the robustness of these relationships across different sub-periods and alternative measurements. Conclusions: Board effort enhances audit report clarity through improved oversight and communication standards, while CEO narcissism and real earnings management practices deteriorate report readability. These findings suggest that effective corporate governance mechanisms are essential for transparent financial reporting in the healthcare sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lucky Mangapul Simbolon, Pirmansyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Environmental Education in Promoting Healthy Behaviors Among Primary School Students
Purpose of the study: Environmental health challenges in developing countries significantly impact children's wellbeing, with primary school students being particularly vulnerable to poor hygiene practices and environmental health risks. Environmental education has emerged as a promising intervention strategy to promote healthy behaviors among young learners. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive environmental education program in improving health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among primary school students in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was employed with 240 students aged 9-11 years from four public primary schools in Kecamatan Perbaungan, Sumatera Utara. The experimental group (n=120) received a 10-week environmental education module integrated into the science curriculum, while the control group (n=120) received standard curriculum instruction. The intervention comprised four components: personal hygiene education, waste management training, clean water and sanitation awareness, and healthy diet promotion. Data were collected using knowledge assessments, behavioral observation checklists, and attitude scales. Results: Significant improvements were observed in the experimental group compared to the control group. Post-intervention knowledge scores increased from 12.3±2.1 to 19.8±1.9 (p<0.001). Positive behavioral changes were documented in handwashing practices (85% vs. 34%), proper waste disposal (78% vs. 41%), and healthy food choices (72% vs. 38%). Attitude scores toward environmental health behaviors improved significantly (4.2±0.6 vs. 2.8±0.7, p<0.001). Conclusions: Environmental education significantly enhances health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among primary school students. Integration of environmental health education into school curricula represents an effective strategy for promoting sustainable healthy behaviors in young populations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zuhriyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health Among University Students
Purpose of the study: The transition to university life presents significant psychological challenges for students, including increased stress, anxiety, and depression. Physical activity has been recognized as a potential intervention for improving mental health outcomes, yet comprehensive understanding of this relationship among Indonesian university students remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity levels and mental health indicators among university students at Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna, examining the potential mediating factors and identifying optimal activity patterns for mental health benefits. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 420 students (aged 18-25 years) from Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF), while mental health was evaluated using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, multiple regression, and structural equation modeling. Results: Students with high physical activity levels demonstrated significantly lower depression (M = 8.2, SD = 4.1) and anxiety scores (M = 7.8, SD = 3.9) compared to low-activity students (depression: M = 14.6, SD = 6.2; anxiety: M = 13.4, SD = 5.8; p < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found between physical activity and well-being scores (r = 0.64, p < 0.001). Students engaging in ≥150 minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity weekly showed 40% better mental health outcomes. Conclusions: Physical activity demonstrates a significant inverse relationship with negative mental health indicators and positive association with psychological well-being among university students. These findings support the implementation of structured physical activity programs as preventive mental health interventions in higher education settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dio Aidil fitra, Maidatul Munawarah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Heritage Site Visits: Impact on National Identity Formation in High School Students
Purpose of the study: This experimental study investigated the effect of structured heritage site visits on national identity formation among high school students in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia, examining changes in national pride, cultural knowledge, and civic engagement attitudes. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 240 high school students (aged 15-17 years) from six schools in Pekanbaru City. Participants were randomly assigned to experimental (n=120) or control (n=120) groups. The experimental group participated in guided visits to three significant Indonesian heritage sites over eight weeks, while the control group continued regular classroom activities. National identity was measured using the National Identity Scale (NIS), Cultural Knowledge Assessment (CKA), and Civic Engagement Questionnaire (CEQ) administered pre- and post-intervention. Results: Significant improvements were observed in the experimental group compared to controls across all measures. National Identity Scale scores increased by 23.4% (p<0.001), Cultural Knowledge Assessment scores improved by 31.2% (p<0.001), and Civic Engagement Questionnaire scores rose by 18.7% (p<0.01). Effect sizes were large for national identity (Cohen's d = 1.24) and cultural knowledge (Cohen's d = 1.67), and moderate for civic engagement (Cohen's d = 0.73). Conclusions: Structured heritage site visits significantly enhance national identity formation among high school students. These findings suggest that experiential learning through heritage tourism can serve as an effective educational intervention for fostering national consciousness and cultural appreciation in adolescents.
Copyright (c) 2025 Weni Andiko (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0