Volleyball Learning Interest Among Adolescent Girls: A Multidimensional Profile of Attention, Enjoyment, Involvement, and Attraction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53905/ChildDev.v2i03.16Keywords:
adolescent girls, volleyball learning, learning interest, attention, enjoyment, involvement, attractionAbstract
Introduction: Interest is an important motivational component of physical education (PE), influencing students’ attention, enjoyment, and engagement in learning activities. However, interest in sport-specific learning may not be expressed uniformly across its affective, cognitive, and behavioural components, particularly among adolescent girls.
Purpose of the Study: This study aimed to describe the overall level of volleyball learning interest among Grade VII female students and examine the relative profile of four constituent indicators: feeling/enjoyment, attraction, attention, and involvement.
Materials and Methods: A quantitative, non-experimental descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 57 Grade VII female students at a public junior high school in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Total population sampling was employed. Data were collected using a 33-item, four-point Likert-type questionnaire comprising feeling/enjoyment (7 items), attraction (8 items), attention (9 items), and involvement (9 items). Descriptive statistics, percentages of maximum ideal scores, frequency distributions, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha.
Results: Overall volleyball learning interest was classified as strong, with a mean score of 90.86 ± 8.04 out of 132, equivalent to 68.83% of the maximum ideal score. Forty-eight students (84.21%) demonstrated strong or very strong interest. At the indicator level, attention showed the highest score (73.39%), followed by feeling/enjoyment (69.49%), involvement (67.84%), and attraction (64.25%). All four indicators were classified as strong. Attraction also demonstrated the greatest variability (SD = 4.24).
Conclusions: Grade VII female students demonstrated strong volleyball learning interest, but the profile was uneven across its constituent components. Attention and enjoyment were relatively stronger, whereas attraction was comparatively lower and more heterogeneous. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening the transition from classroom-based engagement toward more sustained and self-directed volleyball involvement.
References
A., P., Ihsan, F., Nugraha, U., Ilham, I., Yusradinafi, Y., & Saleh, M. S. (2026). Autonomy-Supportive Teaching in Physical Education: Effects on Physical Literacy, Motivation, and Physical Activity. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 14(4), 973–983. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2026.140410
Abdurrohman, R., Sugiarto, T., & Heynoek, F. P. (2021). Level of Interest in Participating at Sports Extracurricular Activity of High School Students. Advances in Health Sciences Research/Advances in Health Sciences Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.210707.027
Alfaisal, A., Marzuki, M., & Dewi, C. (2024). Volleyball as a Social Catalyst: Exploring Community Roles in Enhancing Social Interaction Among Youth in Palu City. Journal of Society and Development. https://doi.org/10.57032/jsd.v3i1.210
Alfathi, M. A., Utomo, G. M., Hadi, S. R., & Darisman, E. K. (2025). Analysis of students’ interest in learning volleyball games. Sriwijaya Journal of Sport, 4(3), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.55379/sjs.v4i3.94
Authors, V. (2009). IRRODL Volume 10, Number 2; Regional Focus Issue: Learning Technologies in the Middle East. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 10(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v10i2.1103
Avraam, E., & Anagnostou, G. (2025). GENDER-BASED PARTICIPATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION ACROSS PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v12i10.6364
Awaluddin, A., Samsudin, S., Puspitorini, W., Widiastuti, W., & Syahruddin, S. (2025). A Comprehensive Approach to Enhancing Volleyball Skills: The Role of Problem-Based Learning, Constraint-Led Approach, and Motivation. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 25(3), 548–555. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2025.3.10
Beets, M. W., Okely, A. D., Weaver, R. G., Webster, C. A., Lubans, D. R., Brusseau, T. A., Carson, R., & Cliff, D. P. (2016). The theory of expanded, extended, and enhanced opportunities for youth physical activity promotion. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 13(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0442-2
Blotnicky, K., Franz‐Odendaal, T. A., French, F. G., & Joy, P. (2018). A study of the correlation between STEM career knowledge, mathematics self-efficacy, career interests, and career activities on the likelihood of pursuing a STEM career among middle school students. International Journal of STEM Education, 5(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-018-0118-3
Buerger, S., Holzer, J., Yanagida, T., Schober, B., & Spiel, C. (2023). Measuring Adolescents’ Well-Being in Schools: The Adaptation and Translation of the EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-Being—A Validation Study. School Mental Health, 15(2), 611–626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-023-09574-1
Cairney, J., Kwan, M., Velduizen, S., Hay, J., Bray, S. R., & Faught, B. E. (2012). Gender, perceived competence and the enjoyment of physical education in children: a longitudinal examination. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-9-26
Chen. (2012). Are K-12 Learners Motivated in Physical Education? A Meta-Analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. https://doi.org/10.5641/027013612x13330442605179
Chen, A., Darst, P. W., & Pangrazi, R. P. (1999). What Constitutes Situational Interest? Validating a Construct in Physical Education. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 3(3), 157. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327841mpee0303_3
Chen, A., & Ennis, C. D. (2004). Goals, Interests, and Learning in Physical Education. NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro), 97(6), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.3200/joer.97.6.329-339
Chen, A., & Wang, Y. (2017). The Role of Interest in Physical Education: A Review of Research Evidence. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 36(3), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2017-0033
Chu, T. L., Zhang, T., Thomas, K. T., Zhang, X., & Gu, X. (2018). Predictive Strengths of Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education Among Hispanic Children: A Gender-Based Approach. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 38(3), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0126
Correia, V., Carvalho, J., Araújo, D., Pereira, E., & Davids, K. (2018). Principles of nonlinear pedagogy in sport practice. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 24(2), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2018.1552673
Fatubun, Y., Nuryadi, A., Kusuma, A. I., & Darisman, E. K. (2025). Analysis of high school students’ interest in participating in volleyball extracurricular activities. Sriwijaya Journal of Sport, 5(1), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.55379/sjs.v5i1.105
Gil-Arias, A., Diloy-Peña, S., Sevil‐Serrano, J., García‐González, L., & Abós, Á. (2020). A Hybrid TGfU/SE Volleyball Teaching Unit for Enhancing Motivation in Physical Education: A Mixed-Method Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010110
Gråstén, A., Kokkonen, M., Quay, J., & Kokkonen, J. (2019). Social Competence and Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity of School-Aged Children through a Creative Physical Education Intervention. Advances in Physical Education, 9(2), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.4236/ape.2019.92010
Halim, A., Tangkudung, J., & Dlis, F. (2019). The Smash Ability in Volleyball Games: The experimental study of teaching style and motor ability. Journal of Education Health and Sport, 9(12), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2019.09.12.010
Harackiewicz, J. M., Smith, J. L., & Priniski, S. J. (2016). Interest Matters. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732216655542
Hidayah, L., & Asim, A. (2022). Studi Perbandingan Minat Siswa SMP Dan MTs terhadap Bolavoli Mini dan Bolavoli Gandu Level II. Sport Science and Health, 2(7), 357–366. https://doi.org/10.17977/um062v2i72020p357-366
Höffler, T. N., Köhler, C., & Parchmann, I. (2019). Scientists of the future: an analysis of talented students’ interests. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-019-0184-1
Huhtiniemi, M., Sääkslahti, A., Watt, A., & Jaakkola, T. (2019). Associations among Basic Psychological Needs, Motivation and Enjoyment within Finnish Physical Education Students. PubMed, 18(2), 239–247. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31191093
Kanatschnig, T., Korda, Ž., Schrapf, N., Leitner, L., Anzengruber, C., Lappi, O., Körner, C., Tilp, M., & Kober, S. E. (2025). Expertise-driven temporal gaze dynamics during anticipation in volleyball. PLoS ONE, 20(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334702
Kleespies, M. W., Scheersoi, A., Dierkes, P. W., & Wenzel, V. (2024). Measuring Interest: Development and Application of a Three-Dimensional Situational Interest Short Scale. European Journal of Educational Research, 795–811. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.13.2.795
Knekta, E., Rowland, A. A., Corwin, L. A., & Eddy, S. L. (2020). Measuring university students’ interest in biology: evaluation of an instrument targeting Hidi and Renninger’s individual interest. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00217-4
Lamb, C. A., Oliver, K. L., & Kirk, D. (2018). ‘ Go for it Girl’ adolescent girls’ responses to the implementation of an activist approach in a core physical education programme. Sport Education and Society, 23(8), 799–811. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2018.1484724
Lin, K.-C., Hung, H.-C., & Chen, N. (2023). The effect of wearable technology on badminton learning performance: a multiple feedback WISER model in physical education. Smart Learning Environments, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00247-9
Linnenbrink‐Garcia, L., Patall, E. A., & Messersmith, E. E. (2012). Antecedents and consequences of situational interest. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(4), 591–614. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.2012.02080.x
Lobo, J., & Dimalanta, G. (2024). Individual Interest of students in Physical Education and School Engagement in fostering Physical Culture inside the campus: The case of two prominent local colleges in Pampanga, Philippines. Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 17(1), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2024.170107
Luo, Z., Dang, Y., & Xu, W. (2019). Academic Interest Scale for Adolescents: Development, Validation, and Measurement Invariance With Chinese Students. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2301. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02301
Makransky, G., & Petersen, G. B. (2021). The Cognitive Affective Model of Immersive Learning (CAMIL): a Theoretical Research-Based Model of Learning in Immersive Virtual Reality. Educational Psychology Review, 33(3), 937–958. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09586-2
Manalu, N., Sihombing, H., Purba, P. H., Endriani, D., Mardiyah, S., Setyawan, H., Sari, D. A., Hanifah, I. N., HB, G., Matsuri, M., Haris, F., & Radulovic, N. (2026). The Effect of Interactive Multimedia Quality, Pedagogical Competence, and Student Professional Attitudes on the Effectiveness of Learning Lower Passing and Lower Serving Techniques in Volleyball Games in Elementary Schools. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 14(3), 849–857. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2026.140329
McIntyre, F., Parker, H., Chivers, P., & Hands, B. (2017). Actual competence, rather than perceived competence, is a better predictor of physical activity in children aged 6-9 years. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(13), 1433–1440. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1390243
Okely, A. D., Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Cotton, W., Peralta, L., Miller, J., Batterham, M., & Janssen, X. (2017). Promoting physical activity among adolescent girls: the Girls in Sport group randomized trial. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0535-6
Otundo, J. O., & Garn, A. C. (2019). Student Interest and Engagement in Middle School Physical Education: Examining the Role of Needs Supportive Teaching. International Journal of Educational Psychology, 8(2), 137. https://doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2019.3356
Owen, M., Curry, W. B., Kerner, C., Newson, L., & Fairclough, S. J. (2017). The effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions for adolescent girls: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Liverpool John Moores University, 105, 237–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.018
Park, J. H., & Han, S. (2023). Investigation of a developmental path model for interest in the study of mathematics. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 19(7). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/13274
Reber, R., Canning, E. A., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2018). Personalized Education to Increase Interest. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(6), 449–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721418793140
Renninger, K. A., & Hidi, S. (2011). Revisiting the Conceptualization, Measurement, and Generation of Interest. Educational Psychologist, 46(3), 168–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2011.587723
Ridha, S., Mashud, Warni, H., & Arifin, S. (2025). Physical literacy in Indonesian school physical education: a systematic review of concepts, assessment, and implementation. Edu Sportivo/Edu Sportivo, 6(3), 285–301. https://doi.org/10.25299/esijope.2025.vol6(3).17622
Sahabuddin, S., Sofyan, D., & Awaluddin, A. (2025). A Study on Physical Education Outcomes and Motor Competence Based on Students’ Sport Interests in School Settings. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 5(2), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.17509/jopes.v5i2.83598
Schmid, J., Beck, D., Côté, J., & Schmid, M. J. (2026). Development and Initial Validation of the Revised Sports Interests Inventory (SPIT-36): An Inventory to Assess Sport-Related Interests in Adolescents and Emerging Adults. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367x.2026.2686239
Sevil-Serrano, J., Solana, A. A., Abós, Á., Generelo, E., & García‐González, L. (2020). Improving motivation for physical activity and physical education through a school-based intervention. The Journal of Experimental Education, 90(2), 383–403. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2020.1764466
Sierra-Díaz, M. J., González‐Víllora, S., Vicedo, J. C. P., & Sánchez, G. F. L. (2019). Can We Motivate Students to Practice Physical Activities and Sports Through Models-Based Practice? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Factors Related to Physical Education. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2115. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02115
Slot, E. M., Akkerman, S., & Wubbels, T. (2018). Adolescents’ interest experience in daily life in and across family and peer contexts. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 34(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-018-0372-2
Soós, I., Dizmatsek, I. B., Ling, J., Ojelabi, A., Šimonek, J., Boros-Balint, I., Szabó, P., Szabó, A., & Hamar, P. (2019). Perceived autonomy support and motivation in young people: A comparative investigation of physical education and leisure-time in four countries. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 15(3), 509–530. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v15i3.1735
Sulistyani, A., & Sugianto. (2016). Metode diskusi buzz group dengan analisis gambar untuk meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar siswa. Unnes Physics Education Journal, 5(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.15294/upej.v5i1.12696
Tan, A. L., Gillies, R. M., & Jamaludin, A. (2024). A new model for tracing interest: the growth cycle of interest framework. Current Psychology, 43(41), 32210–32222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06771-2
Tatiana, S., Järvenoja, H., & Mänty, K. (2023). The relationship between secondary school students’ situational interest and their collaborative learning interactions. SN Social Sciences, 3(8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-023-00738-z
Taylor, I., Spray, C. M., & Pearson, N. (2014). The Influence of the Physical Education Environment on Children’s Well-Being and Physical Activity Across the Transition from Primary to Secondary School. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 36(6), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2014-0038
Telford, R. M., Telford, R. M., Telford, R. D., Telford, R. D., Olive, L., Cochrane, T. A., & Davey, R. (2016). Why Are Girls Less Physically Active than Boys? Findings from the LOOK Longitudinal Study. PLoS ONE, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150041
Urhahne, D., & Wijnia, L. (2023). Theories of Motivation in Education: an Integrative Framework. Educational Psychology Review, 35(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09767-9
Verma, N., Eklund, R. C., Arthur, C. A., Howle, T. C., & Gibson, A. (2019). Transformational Teaching, Self-Presentation Motives, and Identity in Adolescent Female Physical Education. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 41(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2017-0299
Wang, L., & Chen, R. (2021). Psychological needs satisfaction, self‐determined motivation, and physical activity of students in physical education: Comparison across gender and school levels. European Journal of Sport Science, 22(10), 1577–1585. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2021.1978558
Wang, M., & Liang, Z. (2023). Cross-modal self-attention mechanism for controlling robot volleyball motion. Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 17, 1288463. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1288463
Weeldenburg, G., Borghouts, L. B., Slingerland, M., & Vos, S. (2020). Similar but different: Profiling secondary school students based on their perceived motivational climate and psychological need-based experiences in physical education. PLoS ONE, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228859
Zeng, X. C., & He, W. (2024). Exploring adolescent participation in football: a gender-differentiated structural equation model based on the theory of planned behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1387420. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1387420
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


